（Rayleigh fading channel）是一种无线电信号传播环境的统计模型。这种模型假设信号通过无线信道之后，其信号幅度是随机的，即“衰落”，并且其包络服从瑞利分布。这一信道模型能够描述由电离层和对流层反射的短波信道，以及建筑物密集的城市环境。瑞利衰落只适用于从发射机到接收机不存在直射信号（LoS，Line of Sight）的情况，否则应使用莱斯衰落信道作为信道模型。
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